Парацетамол – жаропонижающее и легкое противовоспалительное средство. Данная статья посвящена его подробному описанию, от внешнего вида до противопоказаний парацетамола, и через сколько он действует.
Особенности, от чего помогает, кому можно и кому нельзя применять.
- Форма выпуска и состав
- Фармакологическое действие
- Описание и свойства препарата
- Показания к применению
- Противопоказания
- Способ применения и дозы
- Время, через которое начинает действовать парацетамол и длительность действия
- Применение при беременности и кормлении грудью
- Побочные действия
- Особые указания и применение с другими препаратами
- Передозировка
- Вывод
Форма выпуска и состав
Существует 4 формы выпуска лекарства, включая сиропы и суспензии:
- таблетки круглые, плоскоцилиндрические (по 6 или 10 шт);
- сироп;
- суспензия;
- свечи
Состав каждой формы лекарства:
- 1 таблетка: действующее вещество: основное – 200 или 500 мг; Вспомогательные компоненты: лактоза, кислота стеариновая, крахмал картофельный, желатин.
- 1 свеча: действующее вещество: основное – 100 мг; Вспомогательные компоненты: твердая жировая основа.
- 5 мл сиропа: действующее вещество: основное – 24 мг; Вспомогательные компоненты: вода, натрия бензоат, ароматические добавки, рибофлавин, спирт этиловый, пропиленгликоль, натрий лимоннокислый трехзамещенный, лимонная кислота, сорбит, сахар.
- 5 мл суспензии: действующее вещество: основное – 120 мг; Вспомогательные компоненты: вода, ароматизатор апельсиновый или клубничный, сорбитол, глицерин, сахароза, пропиленгликоль, нипагин, камедь ксантановая, авицель RC-591.
Фармакологическое действие
Механизм действия основан на угнетении синтеза простагландинов — соединений, образующихся при воспалении. Обезболивающее действие парацетамол оказывает, воздействуя на нейроны центральной нервной системы.
Описание и свойства препарата
Вещества парацетамола всасываются в кровь в ЖКТ, распространяются во все жидкие среды организма, за исключением спинного мозга и жировых тканей. Выводится с мочой. 5% выводится в неизменном виде.
Показания к применению
Сильная головная и зубная боль, в спине и суставах, при менструации, мигрень, боль при травмах и ожогах, высокая температура, частично при воспалительных процессах (при ангине, пневмонии и гайморите).
Необходимо отметить, что особенность парацетамола в том, что он действует как обезболивающее, но не устраняет причины болезни, а лишь снимает ее симптомы, воздействуя на нервную систему. Поэтому при воспалениях парацетамол окажет минимальное действие.
Важно! Парацетамол не всегда может сбить высокую температуру. Тогда необходимо принять дополнительные жаропонижающие средства.
Противопоказания
Нельзя применять в следующих случаях:
- наличие индивидуальной непереносимости к составу препарата;
- болезни печени;
- нарушение функции почек;
- Заболевания крови
Как правильно принимать, особенности применения.
Способ применения и дозы
Парацетамол следует принимать в количестве от 500 до 1000 мг для взрослых и детей старше 12 лет, суточная доза должна быть не больше 4000 мг.
Детская дозировка препарата рассчитывается индивидуально и зависит от веса ребенка, при этом нужно учитывать, сколько действует парацетамол.
Временной промежуток между приемом препарата не должен превышать 4-ех часов. Данное правило действует для всех форм приема лекарства.
Кроме того, парацетамол не рекомендуется применять больше 3-ехдней, если иное не предписано врачом.
При отсутствии необходимого воздействия на организм по истечении максимального срока применения препарата, необходимо обратиться к врачу.
Время, через которое начинает действовать парацетамол и длительность действия
Начнем с того, через сколько средство начинает действовать и как быстро выводится с организма.
Он быстро выводится из организма, что минимизирует его отрицательное влияние на организм.
Действует препарат, как на взрослых, так и на детей, через полчаса после применения, выводится через 4-4,5 часов.
Жаропонижающее и обезболивающее действие действует не более 4-ех часов.
Исключение составляют свечи. Они начинают действовать медленнее, но срок их действия значительно дольше.
Применение при беременности и кормлении грудью
Парацетамол – безопасное лекарство. Его разрешают принимать беременным женщинам, а также кормящим мамам. Однако, перед применением данного средства следует обязательно проконсультироваться с врачом, чтобы он подобрал правильную дозировку препарата. В этом случае, вы избежите неприятных последствий, и лекарство никак не повлияет на малыша и на молоко.
Обратите внимание! Из-за относительной безопасности для человеческого организма, данный препарат часто дают домашним животным, особенно кошкам. Это недопустимо. Парацетамол оказывает пагубное действие на внутренние органы кошки. Поэтому при возникновении воспалительных процессов у вашего любимца, не занимайтесь самолечением, а обратитесь к ветеринару.
Побочные действия
Практически не оказывает побочного действия на организм. Разумеется, при условии, что он применяется лишь в экстренных случаях, при симптомах, перечисленных выше. Вместе с тем, иногда после приема парацетамола могу возникать следующие побочные действия: тошнота, диарея, рвота, аллергия.
Особые указания и применение с другими препаратами
Парацетамол нельзя употреблять с лекарствами, которые содержат те же вещества, так как это приведет к передозировке.
Также, при приеме лекарства более недели, он может оказать отрицательное действие на показания крови и печень.
Поэтому при длительном применении, необходимо следить за его влиянием на организм под присмотром врача.
Передозировка
Необходимо контролировать прием препарата, так как применение его в больших количествах сильно влияет на внутренние органы, в особенности на печень и почки, а также воздействует на регуляцию температуры и свертываемость крови.
Вывод
Парацетамол – доступное и практически безвредное лекарство, которое обязательно должно присутствовать в каждой аптечке.
Не следует одновременно применять другие лекарственные средства, содержащие парацетамол, а также другие ненаркотические анальгетики. Одновременное использование других лекарственных средств должно быть согласовано с врачом.
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